EduEd

  ACID, BASES AND SALTS   Introduction → The sour and bitter tastes of food are due to acids and bases are present in them. → Acids are sour in taste and change the colour of blue litmus to red. → Litmus solution is a purple dye, which is extracted from lichen. When the litmus solution is neither acidic nor basic, its colour is purple. → Other natural materials like red cabbage leaves, turmeric, coloured petals of some flowers such as Hydrangea, Petunia and Geranium, which indicate the presence of acid or base in a solution. Properties of Acids • The term ‘acid’ has been derived from the Latin word, 'acidus' which means sour. • Acids have sour taste. • They turn blue litmus solution red. • They give H +  ions in aqueous solution. Strong Acids:  HCl, H 2  SO 4  , HNO 3 Weak Acids:  CH 3 COOH, Oxalic acid, Lactic acid Concentrated Acids:  More amount of acid + Less amount of water Dilute Acids:  More amount of water + Le...